cluster of differentiation 8
Definition
- Noun:
- A membrane glycoprotein primarily found on the surface of cytotoxic T cells: Cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) is a specific type of protein embedded in the cell membrane. It functions as a co-receptor for the T-cell receptor (TCR), helping cytotoxic T cells recognize and bind to fragments of antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules on other cells.
Usage Examples
- Noun:
- The presence of cluster of differentiation 8 on the cell surface is a key marker for identifying cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
- Researchers are studying how the cluster of differentiation 8 interacts with viral peptides presented by infected cells.
Advanced Usage
- "CD8+ T cell": A T lymphocyte that expresses the cluster of differentiation 8 protein on its surface. These cells are crucial for the adaptive immune response against intracellular pathogens and cancer.
- The patient's CD8+ T cell count was monitored to assess the immune response to the infection.
Variants and Related Words
- CD8 (abbreviation): The standard and most common abbreviation for "cluster of differentiation 8."
- The assay detected high levels of CD8 on the lymphocytes.
- CD8 receptor (noun phrase): Another term referring to the cluster of differentiation 8 protein in its functional role.
- The virus has evolved mechanisms to downregulate the CD8 receptor.
Synonyms
- T-cell co-receptor CD8: A more descriptive synonym emphasizing its functional role.
- Leu-2 (historical): An older, alternative designation for the same protein, primarily used in earlier scientific literature.
Related Phrases
- CD8-positive (adj): Describing a cell that expresses the cluster of differentiation 8 protein.
- The tumor was infiltrated by CD8-positive lymphocytes, indicating a potential immune response.
- CD8-mediated immunity (noun phrase): Immune responses that are dependent on or carried out by cells bearing the cluster of differentiation 8 protein.
- The vaccine aims to elicit strong CD8-mediated immunity against the pathogen.
Noun
-
a membrane glycoprotein that is found primarily on the surface of cytotoxic T cells
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